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This paper is based on the results of in-situ and laboratory direct tests of basalt rock mass with columnar joints. Allometric curves are fitted with the test data and empirical formulas are obtained about the shear strength of the basalt rock mass with columnar joints. The analysis shows that the values of the cohesion c and the internal frictional coefficient f vary approximately with the ...
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To enhance the effective cohesion between basalt fiber (BF) and asphalt, an optimal preparation process of nano-SiO 2 bioinspired grafting BF was proposed using a chemical grafting method based on the bioinspired idea of mussel-plaque. The mechanism of nano-SiO 2 bioinspired grafted BF was analyzed through micro-morphology, functional group changes, …
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A measured deformation modulus for ambient pressure in the vertical direction, 20 GPa, is 1.5 3 times larger than that in the horizontal directions, 13.5 and 6.5 GPa, reflecting strength anisotropy due to column or block geometry for one particular basalt. Values of tensile and cohesive strength for the basaltic rock mass are generally one to ...
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Basalt is a dark-colored, dense rock composed primarily of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. It is the most common rock type found in oceanic crust and is an. ... Compressive Strength: Basalt has high compressive strength, typically ranging from 100 to 300 MPa. This makes it an excellent choice for construction materials that need to withstand ...
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Loess owns the characteristics of collapsibility, disintegration and solubility, which pose a challenge to engineering construction. To examine the shear strength of basalt fiber-reinforced (BFR) loess, consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests were conducted to explore the impacts of water content (w), fiber length (FL), fiber content (FC) and cell pressure (σ 3) on the …
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When damage in a rock mass appears and cohesive strength is exceeded, residual strength is given mainly by increasing friction. ... Liu JF (2011) Depth-dependent mechanical parameters of basalt: an experimental study. In: Kwasniewski M, Li X, Takahashi M (eds) True triaxial testing of rocks. CRC Press, pp 351–361. Google Scholar Download ...
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Shear strength laboratory testing methods are described in Section 200D-1. The selection of peak, fully softened, or residual shear strength for design analyses should be based on review …
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Cui et al. 12 studied the adhesive strength between chopped basalt fibre bundles and cement matrix through pull-out test and SEM analysis, and it was observed that when the embedding length of the fibres among the matrix reached 12 mm, the adhesion behaviour between basalt fibres and cement matrix exhibited most significant. Accordingly, the ...
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The Athens Schist rock masses The Athens Schist Formation is a term used to describe a highly heterogeneous, flysch-like formation of Cretaceous Applicability of the geological strength index Table 2 Field estimates of the uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock pieces Grade a Term Uniaxial compressive strength (MPa) Point load index (MPa ...
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Reliable estimates of the strength and deformation characteristics of rock masses are required for almost any form of analysis used for the design of slopes, foundations and underground …
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Great similarity between the shear strength of rock joints and rockfill is demon-strated, and the interface strength between rockfill and a rock foundation is also addressed. Rock masses, implying problems of large-scale interaction with engineering structures, may have both cohesive and frictional strength components. However,
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Cohesive rock cylinders of basalt, gabbro, granitoid rocks and calcitic marble were sheared at various values of effective normal stress (σneff = 5–40 MPa), target slip‐rate (Vt = 0.1–6.5 m ...
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This paper is based on the results of in-situ and laboratory direct tests of basalt rock mass with columnar joints.Allometric curves are fitted with the test data and empirical formulas are obtained about the shear strength of the basalt rock mass with columnar joints.The analysis shows that the values of the cohesion c and the internal frictional coefficient f vary approximately with the size ...
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From the intact strength properties, equivalent rock mass parameters were successively determined after applying relevant GSI and D (Excavation Damage Factor) of rock masses.
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Cohesive strength ( 0) Rock 10,000 kPa Silt 75 kPa Clay 10-20 kPa Very soft clay 0- 48 kPa … Tensile strength Granite 7-25 MPa Basalt 10-30 MPa Gneiss 5-20 MPa » More detailed. Use of basalt in asphalt concrete mixes. – Construction and … Jan 01, 2009 · The crushing strength and cohesive strength of cold basaltic rocks are 170-220 MPa ...
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AbstractThere has been a lot of interest in the relationship between uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and other properties of rock. Evaluation of rock parameters such as cohesion, Young's modulus, angle of friction, and Poisson's ratio is required for ...
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rock strength should start with a thorough exami-nation of the geology. In this chapter the relation-ship between geology and rock strength is discussed, and methods are described that are …
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The scope from 30° to 35° may be more approximate. We choose 30° as the given friction angle and conduct a numerical pull-out test. The variation of the cohesive strength is indicated in Fig. 9 series 2. The final cohesive strength …
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Rock type grade has a large influence on the shear strength of the non-columnar jointed basalt-concrete bonding interface (se & si). cnol increases by 33% when the grade of rock type raises from ...
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2.1 Deep tunnels For tunnels at depths of more than 30 m, the rock mass surrounding the tunnel is confined and its properties are calculated on the basis of a minor principal stress or confining pressure of 0 <σ3 <0.25σci, in accordance with the procedure defined by Hoek and Brown (1997).
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The shear strength properties of rock materials, cohesion and internal friction angle, are determined by carrying out tri-axial strength test on cylindrical core specimens in laboratory.
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Four decades ago, 1 endeavoured to connect the physics and mechanics of fracture by proposing a relationship between the fractal dimension of metal fractured surfaces and fracture toughness. After a decade, however, new explorations reported the universality of fractal dimension and roughness exponent of fractured surfaces. 2, 3 Regarding this paradox, new …
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Establishing shear strength parameters, cohesion and friction angle of rock mass, is an essential task in the design of dam foundations, tunnels, shafts, nuclear waste repositories, caverns for ...
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The following table provides a comprehensive list of compressive strength values for different rocks at standard room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F). Click on the icon to switch between SI (MPa) and US customary (psi) units.
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the study site by using a mixture of Portland cement and basalt rock fibers, which are wastes resulting from the remnants of Iraqi mining factories in Baghdad, Figure 1, and investing them to ... additives to test unconfined compressive strength, and 16 samples of cohesive soils were treated with cement to test strength after 1, 7, 14, and 28 ...
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Chapter 200—Geotechnical Design Section 200E-1—Engineering Properties of Soil and Rock Page 2 of 12 clays can gain strength with increases in effective stress. On the other hand, over-consolidated clays or ... The undrained shear strength (Su) of cohesive soils may also be correlated to results of in-situ testing such as Standard ...
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As shown in this table, the UCS, tensile strength, cohesion, and elastic modulus are greater than those of the columnar jointed basalt but lower than those of the intact rock, whereas the friction angle is smaller than that of the columnar jointed basalt but larger than that of the intact rock [37], [38], [40], [41]. In summary, the numerical ...
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Estimating compressive strength. General rock failure criterion can be reduced to a few parameters dependent on lithology (m) and the uniaxial compressive strength (C 0).Lithology is commonly derived during log analysis, so m may be estimated (Table 1).What is needed still is an initial measure of rock strength provided by C 0. C 0 can be estimated from porosity or …
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Uniaxial compressive strength ( c) and deformation modulus of rocks Average values from tests of intact rock samples ... Basalt 145 50 347 25 207 82 395 3 (17) Diabase, dolerite 229 88 384 13 152 81 537 5 15.2 Hyperite - - - - 245 108 441 2 ure Graywacke 81 25 310 12 - - - - ...
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The rock sample has a high-elastic modulus and is a high-strength rock. By observing the rocks in the field, it was determined that the basalt rocks in this area are characterized by a very dense lithology, with columnar joints developed and occasional almond-shaped pores. ... Cohesion (MPa) Friction angle (°) Basalt: 2.97: 59.2: 0.18: 184: 27 ...
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