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In order to achieve high recovery of Cu and Co during cobalt-bearing copper sulphide ore smelting process, reducing agent (coke) and sulphidizing agent (pyrite) were added into molten smelter slag for reducing-sulphidizing smelting to product Cu-Co matte. ... YE L G, et al., "Distribution calculation of cobalt in pyrometallurgy process of ...
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VOLUME IV: PYROMETALLURGY OF COPPER Preface vii Foreword ix Smelting Operations The Changing Landscape of Copper Smelting in the Americas ... Behaviour of Cobalt in Copper Smelting Process M.D. Mwema, L. Segers and R. Winand 451 Component Activities in the Cu-Fe-S-0 Mattes V.A. Kaplan, V. V. Galushchenko, A. V. Vihlanzeva and T.A. Bagrova 463 ...
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Conventional metal recycling processes are often based on the primary process routes, meaning that pyrometallurgical processes are applied for the recycling of e.g. copper, lead and steel. Metal casings, external cables and other materials (made of aluminum, steel or...
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4.3 Pyrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgy is a process in which non-ferrous metals are refined or extracted from metallurgical materials at high temperatures. ... Copper, cobalt, and nickel can be extracted from e-waste using inorganic or organic solutions.
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As presented in Table 1, the Umicore process is based on the hydrometallurgical treatment of the cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper and iron alloy resulting from the pyrometallurgy step, in order to separate cobalt from nickel, to recover them selectively in order to use them as battery electrode precursor . Thus, cobalt is recovered as an oxide ...
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iron alloy resulting from the pyrometallurgy step, in order to separate cobalt from nickel, to recover them selectively in order to use them as battery electrode precursor [10]. Thus,
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It is possible to achieve high recoveries of cobalt by reductive smelting of the copper slags, using some form of carbon as a reducing agent in an electric furnace.
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In pyrometallurgy, metals are extracted by converting sulfides into oxides and then reducing oxides into metals, using carbon or carbon monoxide as reducing agents. The reactions for …
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Mintek has developed a leaching process that solubilizes the nickel, copper, and cobalt, while rejecting the iron and any sulphur into the solid residue (by decreasing the pH appropriately). …
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Flowsheet options for cobalt recovery in African copper-cobalt hydrometallurgy circuits. May 2018; ... cobalt EW process to achieve a cathode purity of 99.7% C o with t hat for the production of ...
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Advantages of Pyrometallurgy. Since Pyrometallurgy is a high-temperature technique, the reaction is quick. As a result, more metal is produced. The cost of reducing agents and raw materials is cheap. The separation of liquid metal and slag aids in the metal extraction process. The pyrometallurgy process extracts metals such as Fe, Zn, Pb Al ...
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Proceedings of Copper 2010, Vol. 3, Pyrometallurgy II (Hamburg, GDMB, 2010), 1035–1050. Google Scholar Anonymous, personal communication, 2013. Google ... "Acid bake-leach process for the treatment of enargite concentrates", Hydrometallurgy, 119–120, …
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Pyrometallurgy has existed in one form or another for several thousand years. From paintings on the walls of ancient Egyptians, we know that the idea of heating metals (such as gold) to shape them existed even in ancient times [].It is a massive production industry with 16.5 million metric tons of copper by pyrometallurgical production, 1812 million metric tons of …
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Generally, the pyrogenic process is used to enrich or convert the cobalt into a soluble state, and then the hydrometallurgy is utilized to enrich and purify the cobalt, and …
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A schematic diagram of the conventional process for the production of copper and the SX/EW process can be seen here. Conventional Copper Extraction . Conventionally, copper is recovered by a pyrometallurgical process known as smelting. In this process copper ore is mined, crushed, ground, concentrated, smelted and refined.
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Most process routes achieve high yields for the valuable metals cobalt, copper, and nickel. In comparison, lithium is only recovered in few processes and with a lower yield, albeit a high economic ...
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The thermodynamic conditions of blister copper making from sulphidic, iron-lean copper concentrates will be presented and linked with the metal value recoveries in the smelting step …
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Nickel sulfide concentrate generally contains 4–5% nickel and 0.1–0.3% cobalt. In the pyrometallurgical smelting of nickel, since the chemical affinity of cobalt for oxygen and sulfur is between that of iron and nickel (see the oxidation potential diagram), in the matte converting by P-S converter of high nickel matte, the oxidation degree of iron in the matte can be controlled …
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Copper Cobalt Africa, ... surrounding forest to supply energy for the process, and adding fluxing materials from areas close to ... hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy is the reliable supply of low-cost sulfuric acid (1.0 million tons per annum) to sustain the existing operations.
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Pyrometallurgy is a metallurgical process used to extract metals or their compounds from metallurgical raw materials or to refine them at high temperature. ... (such as copper and nickel), or some isolated pyrometallurgy processes can be adopted in the process dominated by other processes. In metallurgical production, all steel and iron, almost ...
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The copper industry is unlike the nickel or cobalt industries that are dominated by a few large producers (Mineral Commodities Summaries, 2003; Stirton and Brown, 1998). ... The current challenges of pyrometallurgy, modification on the hydrometallurgy, physical and chemical methods and other advanced technologies are presented in this review ...
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Cobalt recovery process using ion exchange. Cobalt, zinc, copper, and nickel are all used to make raffinate. Ion exchange recovery of cobalt and nickel is easiest in chloride solution, where the propensity for cobalt to produce complex chloro-anions such cocl 4− and cocl 3−, which does not occur with nickel as cited [39].
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The invention discloses a method for simultaneously measuring nickel, copper, iron and cobalt elements in a solid material in a nickel pyrometallurgy process, which comprises the following steps of: heating and dissolving the solid material in the nickel pyrometallurgy process at low temperature by adopting concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid, and then …
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The outcome of the reduction process is a cobalt alloy (that contains nickel, copper, and some iron), a slag (containing lithium, ... The number of substances reclaimed via pyrometallurgy is limited, only copper of the foil and nickel and cobalt from positive electrodes are recovered making up 30 wt % of batteries in electronic devices, while ...
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Aiming at high energy consumption and large Co loss in the pyrometallurgy of low-nickel matte, a process of NH4Cl roasting-water leaching was proposed to co-extract metals, followed by the ...
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Drawing on extensive international industrial consultancies within working plants, this work describes in depth the complete copper production process, starting from both primary and secondary...
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Pyrometallurgy Division, Mintek, Private Bag X3015, Randburg, 2125, South Africa ... (direct current) arc furnace, using an iron-based alloy as a collector for nickel, copper, cobalt, and PGMs. ... JE Hoffmann & KN Subramian, Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Dead roast - oxide flash reduction process for copper concentrates, US Patent ...
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Mintek's Pyrometallurgy Division carries out high-temperature research and process development in the following fields: ... This technology is applicable to the recovery of cobalt from copper reverbatory furnace slags, as well as to the recovery of nickel, cobalt, copper, and platinum group metals from furnace and converter slags in plants ...
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Cobalt generally does not form the oxy-sulphate intermediate product. Cobalt sulphate, copper sulphate, and copper oxy-sulphates are generally soluble in mild leaching conditions. In the overall sulphation process, some excess oxygen is required in order to shift the reactions towards the formation of the metal sulphates and oxy-sulphates.
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Pyrometallurgy deals with chemical reactions at high temperatures (ranging from 100°C up to ... native copper have arsenic compounds associated with them. When the ore is melted, the molten ... calcination refers to any process where the material is heated to drive off volatile organics, CO 2, chemically bound water, or similar compounds. For ...
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