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Phosphogypsum Two-Step Ammonia-Carbonation Resulting in Ammonium Sulfate and Calcium Carbonate Synthesis: Effect of the Molar Ratio OH−/Ca2+ on the Conversion Process March 2022 Waste and ...
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The new process takes waste gypsum or chalk and purifies it so that it can be used as high-grade white filler in plasterboard and cement. Firstly, impure gypsum is placed into a solution of ammonium sulfate around 90–100°C, together they form a complex. This complex sinks into the solution, releasing any impurities in the gypsum.
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A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to …
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Goal is to assess technical and economic feasibility for producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced in limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). This is the 1st year of a 2-year program among Illinois State Geological Survey, University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), Allied-Signal, Marketing Chem. Process Inc., Henry Fertilizer, Illinois Power Co., …
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Still another object is to provide an improvement in the Merseberg process for making ammonium sulfate by the reaction of gypsum lor calcium sulfate with ammonium carbonate wherein high yields of good quality productsare obtained. ... Process for converting fgd gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate US20150050206A1 (en) * : ...
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EP2882879A4 - Process for converting fgd gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate - Google Patents Process for converting fgd gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate ... Partially continuous countercurrent process for converting gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate PL412427A1 (en) : : ...
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This report presents an exhaustive cost evaluation of the ammonium sulfate production process via the gypsum process, where ammonia gas is first absorbed in water, then converted to ammonium carbonate by absorbing carbon dioxide. The thus obtained ammonium carbonate is reacted with gypsum or hydrated calcium sulfate, producing ammonium sulfate.
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OF THE DISCLOSURE Ammonium sulfate is manufactured from gypsum by a 15 continuous process in which an aqueous flow of material is continously recycled along a predetermined …
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Definitions. This invention relates to the production of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate from gypsum obtained from flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems located at electric power plants. While FGD gypsum provides a cheap source of gypsum, the physical structure of the gypsum crystalline particles may have characteristics that make it difficult to react with other …
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OF THE DISCLOSURE Ammonium sulfate is manufactured from gypsum by a 15 continuous process in which an aqueous flow of material is continously recycled along a predetermined closed cir cuit defined by a conduit and a wider vessel connected in series. A fresh aqueous gypsum slurry comprising a dis persion of finely divided gypsum in an ammonium sulfate 20 …
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Ammonium sulfate is used as a fertilizer because it supplies nitrogen and sulfur for plant nutrients. It can be obtained by three processes: as recovery from coke oven, a by-product from caprolactum and gypsum process. Natural gypsum fullls
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The document describes different methods for manufacturing ammonium sulfate, an important nitrogenous fertilizer containing 21% nitrogen, including using flue gases from coal burning and smelting, as a byproduct from caprolactam production, through direct neutralization of ammonia and sulfuric acid, and via a gypsum process involving ammonia, carbon dioxide, and …
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the multistage countercurrent continuous process of the present invention employs two or more reactors in a continuous countercurrent flow process to convert FGD gypsum to ammonium...
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will be conducted to obtain process engineering data for manufacture of ammonium sulfate from FGD-gypsum and to help evaluate technical and economical feasibility of the process. Controlled greenhouse experiments will be conducted at UIUC to evaluate the chemical impact of the produced ammonium sulfate on soil properties.
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Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product.
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AMMONIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER PRODUCTION PLANTS. Ammonium sulfate production plants will be designed specifically according to characteristics of raw materials to be used in production and also end product form (crystals or liquid). Using its process expertise and experience in fertilizers and biomass for the design and installation of chemicals, fertilizers and …
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Moreover, the optimum conditions of the ammonium sulfate preparation are 10 g of the suspended impure or purified phosphogypsum in 40 ml of 3% ammonium sulfate solution (as initiator), 1/4 solid ...
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Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product.
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General description . Ammonium sulfate is an inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280℃) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0℃; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100℃), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.
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Ammonium Sulfate Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Product Type (Solid and Liquid), Production Process (Chemical Processes, Gypsum and Other Production Process), Application, End User, Distribution Channel and By Geography - According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Ammonium Sulfate Market is accounted for $3.6 billion in 2024 and is …
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Ammono-carbonation reaction of any kind of gypsum (pure, PG or FGD gypsum) with ammonium carbonate known as Merseburg Process is used to produce ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate. This study ...
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The overall goal of this project is to assess the technical and economic feasibility for producing feasibility-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced as part of limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD) processes. This is a cooperative effort among the ISGS, the UIUC, AlliedSignal, SE-ME, Henry Fertilizer, Illinois Power Co. (IP), and Central Illinois Public …
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The authors have been developing a process which converts FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer with precipitated calcium carbonate as a by-product during the conversion. Preliminary cost estimates suggest that the process is economically feasible when ammonium sulfate crystals are produced in a granular size (1.2 to 3.3 mm), instead of a …
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A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to …
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The process for manufacture of ammonium sulfate from gypsum, known as the Merseburg Process, named for the town in Germany where it was developed, has been commercially …
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@conference{osti_370352, author = {Chou, M I.M. and Achorn, F P and Rostam-Abadi, M and Lytle, J M}, title = {Cost estimates for manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum-rich by product of the flue gas desulfurization}, annote = {Under the United States Department of Energy`s Clean Coal Technology program, the 1990 amendments to the Clean …
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FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate were tested at temperatures between 60 to 70°C for a duration of five to six hours. ... Determine the influence of the properties of the gypsum and process conditions on the quality of the ammonium sulfate produced. Evaluate the impact of continued use of ammonium sulfate on soil chemical ...
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Merseburg Process Gypsum ammonium sulfate, CO 2 capture, waste treatment, ammono-carbonation. Chem Rev Lett 5 (2022) 83-91 84 with acting in plants stress responses and host-pathogen interactions. Affecting the plants on biochemical level, sulphur, takes part in the growth, development, disease
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V. Evaluate the impact of continued use of FGD-gypsum-derived ammonium sulfate on soil chemical properties. VI. Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product. This project is a cooperative effort among the ISGS, UIUC, AUiedSignal, SE-ME,
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Solutions containing same; and the gypsum process wherein calcium Sulfate is reacted with ammonium carbonate. The products of either of these two processes are essentially the same, i. e., they are aqueous Solutions of ammonium sulfate. The best known and probably the most often produced ammonium Sulfate crystal structure is
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